[53] A woodcut, probably after a drawing by Titian, parodied the sculpture by portraying three apes instead of humans. [42], According to Vasari, in about 1510 Bramante, the Pope's architect, held an informal contest among sculptors to make replacement right arms, which was judged by Raphael, and won by Jacopo Sansovino. The youth embraced in the coils is fearful; the old man struck by the fangs is in torment; the child who has received the poison, dies. The central figure of Laocoön served as loose inspiration for the Indian in Horatio Greenough's The Rescue (1837–1850) which stood before the east facade of the United States Capitol for over 100 years.[62]. Laocoonte e la fondazione di Roma (La cultura) | | ISBN: 9788804317197 | Kostenloser Versand für alle Bücher mit Versand und Verkauf duch Amazon. Jahrhunderts v. C… Titian appears to have had access to a good cast or reproduction from about 1520, and echoes of the figures begin to appear in his works, two of them in the Averoldi Altarpiece of 1520–22. In 1940 Clement Greenberg adapted the concept for his own essay entitled Towards a Newer Laocoön in which he argued that abstract art now provided an ideal for artists to measure their work against. 163, Atlante illustrato dei miti dell'antica Grecia e di Roma Antica, Laocoonte e i suoi due figli lottano coi serpenti, Galleria delle fonti letterarie e iconografiche su Laocoonte, "La Rivista di Engramma" n. 50, luglio/settembre 2006, https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Laocoonte&oldid=116795480, Voci non biografiche con codici di controllo di autorità, licenza Creative Commons Attribuzione-Condividi allo stesso modo. Then they dug the hole wider so that they could pull the statue out. In Pliny's survey of Greek and Roman stone sculpture in his encyclopedic Natural History (XXXVI, 37), he says: ....in the case of several works of very great excellence, the number of artists that have been engaged upon them has proved a considerable obstacle to the fame of each, no individual being able to engross the whole of the credit, and it being impossible to award it in due proportion to the names of the several artists combined. Following the fall of Napoleon, it was returned by the Allies to the Vatican in 1816. In Sophocles, on the other hand, he was a priest of Apollo, who should have been celibate but had married. According to Seymour Howard, both the Vatican group and the Sperlonga sculptures "show a similar taste for open and flexible pictorial organization that called for pyrotechnic piercing and lent itself to changes at the site, and in new situations". The location where the buried statue was found in 1506 was always known to be "in the vineyard of Felice De Fredis" on the Oppian Hill (the southern spur of the Esquiline Hill), as noted in the document recording the sale of the group to the Pope. English Translation of “Laocoonte” | The official Collins Italian-English Dictionary online. Die Casa di Laocoonte („Haus des Laokoon“) ist ein Haus in der im Jahr 79 n. Chr. [52] A bronze casting, made for François I at Fontainebleau from a mold taken from the original under the supervision of Primaticcio, is at the Musée du Louvre. For whatever knowledge of the human frame there may be in the Laocoön, there is certainly none of the habits of serpents. Era una de las casi cien piezas que Carlos IV adquirió al conde de Paroy, que las había acumulado procedentes de compras en ciudades italianas o como consecuencia de la dispersión de buena parte de la colección real francesa tras la caída de la monarquía de Luis XVI y María Antonieta. The view that it is an original work of the 2nd century BC now has few if any supporters, although many still see it as a copy of such a work made in the early Imperial period, probably of a bronze original. On connaît la caricature attribuée à Titien qui représente le Laocoon sous l’aspect de trois singes. We examine, – we are impressed with it, – it produces its effect; but it can never be all comprehended, still less can its essence, its value, be expressed in words.[60]. "Volpe and Parisi": Digital Sculpture Project: Laocoon. As yet it had no base, which was not added until 1511, and from various prints and drawings from the time the older son appears to have been completely detached from the rest of the group. As soon as it was visible everyone started to draw (or "started to have lunch"),[37] all the while discoursing on ancient things, chatting as well about the ones in Florence. [14] In other versions he was killed for having had sex with his wife in the temple of Poseidon, or simply making a sacrifice in the temple with his wife present. The 100 drawings shown in the exhibition are here presented as a fist choice to give an idea of the artist’s career, but the study of them is only an example of a larger cataloguing work that the Galleria del Laocoonte intends to produce in the near future. Some, including that from Sperlonga, record his father as Agesander. See also "Chronology" at 1959. According to Paolo Liverani: "Remarkably, despite the lack of a critical section, the join between the torso and the arm was guaranteed by a drill hole on one piece which aligned perfectly with a corresponding hole on the other. If the Laocoön group was already in the location of the later findspot by the time Pliny saw it, it might have arrived there under Maecenas or any of the emperors. Michelangelo was called to the site of the unearthing of the statue immediately after its discovery,[35] along with the Florentine architect Giuliano da Sangallo and his eleven-year-old son Francesco da Sangallo, later a sculptor, who wrote an account over sixty years later:[36]. Michelangelo suggested that the missing right arms were originally bent back over the shoulder. [58] The most influential contribution to the debate, Gotthold Ephraim Lessing's essay Laocoon: An Essay on the Limits of Painting and Poetry, examines the differences between visual and literary art by comparing the sculpture with Virgil's verse. Segundo o relato de Virxilio na Eneida , despois de que os cercadores aqueos simulasen unha retirada, os troianos atoparon un cabalo construído de madeira nas portas de Ilión. A 2007 exhibition[64] at the Henry Moore Institute in turn copied this title while exhibiting work by modern artists influenced by the sculpture. [63] He invited contrast between the "meagre lines and contemptible tortures of the Laocoon" and the "awfulness and quietness" of Michelangelo, saying "the slaughter of the Dardan priest" was "entirely wanting" in sublimity. [20] Here the figure of Alcyoneus is shown in a pose and situation (including serpents) which is very similar to those of Laocoön, though the style is "looser and wilder in its principles" than the altar.[21]. Englische Übersetzung von "Laocoonte" | Der offizielle Collins Italienisch-Englisch Wörterbuch online. The serpents killed only the two sons, leaving Laocoön himself alive to suffer. ", Volpe and Parisi; Beard, 211 complains of vagueness, Volpe and Parisi; the text probably reflects tidying by, Warden, 275, approximate map of the grounds is fig. Via Margutta 53/B. Noting a stylistic similarity to the Laocoön group he presented it to the Vatican Museums: it remained in their storerooms for half a century. Spivey, 26; see also Isager, 173, who translates it "by decision of the [imperial] council". Stewart, Andrew W. (1996), "Hagesander, Athanodorus and Polydorus", in Hornblower, Simon, Oxford Classical Dictionary, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Laocoonte era un personaggio della mitologia greca, abitante di Troia, figlio di Antenore. [5] The suffering is shown through the contorted expressions of the faces (Charles Darwin pointed out that Laocoön's bulging eyebrows are physiologically impossible),[6] which are matched by the struggling bodies, especially that of Laocoön himself, with every part of his body straining. Barkan, 13–16; H. W. Janson, "Titian's Laocoon Caricature and the Vesalian-Galenist Controversy", Jelbert, Rebecca: "Aping the Masters? Liverani, Paolo, Digital Sculpture Project. [39], When the statue was discovered, Laocoön's right arm was missing, along with part of the hand of one child and the right arm of the other, and various sections of snake. The most famous account of these is now in Virgil's Aeneid (see the Aeneid quotation at the entry Laocoön), but this dates from between 29 and 19 BC, which is possibly later than the sculpture. Many still show the arm in the outstretched position, but the copy in Rhodes has been corrected. Il gruppo scultoreo del Laocoonte e i suoi figli, noto anche semplicemente come Gruppo del Laocoonte, è una scultura in marmo (h 242 cm) conservata nel Museo Pio-Clementino dei Musei Vaticani, nella Città del Vaticano. He also asserts that it was carved from a single piece of marble, though the Vatican work comprises at least seven interlocking pieces. 3, sculptures at Tiberius's villa at Sperlonga, An Ancient Masterpiece Or a Master's Forgery?, New York Times, April 18, 2005, "An Annotated Chronology of the “Laocoon” Statue Group", University of Virginia's Digital Sculpture Project, "Outscreaming the Laocoön: Sensation, Special Affects, and the Moving Image", Laocoonte: variazioni sul mito, con una Galleria delle fonti letterarie e iconografiche su Laocoonte, a cura del Centro studi classicA, "La Rivista di Engramma" n. 50, luglio/settembre 2006, Nota sul ciclo di Sperlonga e sulle relazioni con il Laoocoonte Vaticano, a cura del Centro studi classicA, "La Rivista di Engramma" n. 50. luglio/settembre 2006, Nota sulle interpretazioni del passo di Plinio, Nat. Deutsch-Italienisch-Übersetzungen für Laocoonte im Online-Wörterbuch dict.cc (Italienischwörterbuch). The group was unearthed in February 1506 in the vineyard of Felice De Fredis; informed of the fact, Pope Julius II, an enthusiastic classicist, sent for his court artists. On the wedge, Barkan, 11 notes that in the restoration of c. 1540 "the original shoulder was severely sliced back" to fit the new section. [24][25] It is noteworthy that Pliny does not address this issue explicitly, in a way that suggests "he regards it as an original". [66], The first document records De Fredis' purchase of a vineyard of about 1.5 hectares from a convent for 135 ducats on 14 November 1504, exactly 14 months before the finding of the statue. [15] In this second group of versions, the snakes were sent by Poseidon[16] and in the first by Poseidon and Athena, or Apollo, and the deaths were interpreted by the Trojans as proof that the horse was a sacred object. [29], The same three artists' names, though in a different order (Athenodoros, Agesander, and Polydorus), with the names of their fathers, are inscribed on one of the sculptures at Tiberius's villa at Sperlonga (though they may predate his ownership),[30] but it seems likely that not all the three masters were the same individuals. [50] Raphael used the face of Laocoön for his Homer in his Parnassus in the Raphael Rooms, expressing blindness rather than pain.[51]. [54] It has also been suggested that this woodcut was one of a number of Renaissance images that were made to reflect contemporary doubts as to the authenticity of the Laocoön Group, the 'aping' of the statue referring to the incorrect pose of the Trojan priest who was depicted in ancient art in the traditional sacrificial pose, with his leg raised to subdue the bull. The execution of the Laocoön is extremely fine throughout, and the composition very carefully calculated, even though it appears that the group underwent adjustments in ancient times. Ihren Namen erhielt sie nach einem dort befindlichen Wandbild mit der Darstellung des Laokoon. Questa pagina è stata modificata per l'ultima volta il 20 nov 2020 alle 15:23. Howard, throughout; "Chronology", and several discussions in the other sources, Stewart, 85, this last in the commentary on Virgil of, The Greeks were familiar with constricting snakes, and the small boa, Boardman, 164–166, 197–199; Clark, 216–219; Cook, 153, As Beard, 210, a sceptic, complains; see "Chronology" at January 1506 for dissidents. Ristorante Laocoonte, Sperlonga: 315 Bewertungen - bei Tripadvisor auf Platz 26 von 77 von 77 Sperlonga Restaurants; mit 4/5 von Reisenden bewertet. Several of the ignudi and the figure of Haman in the Sistine Chapel ceiling draw on the figures. "[45], In the 1980s the statue was dismantled and reassembled, again with the Pollak arm incorporated. bei einem Ausbruch des Vesuv verschütteten Stadt Pompeji. El Laocoonte del broncista florentino acabó en la colección regia española en 1803. Instead, they had to express suffering while retaining beauty. Julius acquired the group on March 23, giving De Fredis a job as a scribe as well as the customs revenues from one of the gates of Rome. It had been the subject of a tragedy, now lost, by Sophocles and was mentioned by other Greek writers, though the events around the attack by the serpents vary considerably. Various dates have been suggested for the statue, ranging from about 200 BC to the 70s AD,[10] though "a Julio-Claudian date [between 27 BC and 68 AD] ... is now preferred".[11]. Laocoonte cercò di accorrere in loro aiuto ma subì la stessa sorte. : Laocoön in the Grand Master's Palace. I Troiani presero questo come un segno, tenendo così il cavallo tra le loro mura. Laocoonte és una obra d'El Greco, realitzada a l'oli sobre tela entre 1608 i 1614, durant el seu darrer període toledà. Secondo un'altra versione i due serpenti furono inviati da Poseidone, che punì Laocoonte per essersi sposato contro la volontà divina. «Aut haec in nostros fabricata est machina murosInspectura domos venturaque desuper urbi,Aut aliquis latet error: equo ne credite, Teucri.Quidquid id est, timeo Danaos et dona ferentes.», «Questa è macchina contro le nostre mura innalzata,e spierà le case, e sulla città graverà:un inganno v'è certo. Near the end of Charles Dickens' A Christmas Carol, Ebenezer Scrooge self-describes "making a perfect Laocoön of himself with his stockings" in his hurry to dress on Christmas morning. p 1, Janson etc. Hotel Laocoonte in Rom jetzt günstig buchen ☀ bei Ab-in-den-Urlaub.de I joined up with my father and off we went. The figures are near life-size and the group is a little over 2 m in … The influence of the Laocoön, as well as the Belvedere Torso, is evidenced in many of Michelangelo's later sculptures, such as the Rebellious Slave and the Dying Slave, created for the tomb of Pope Julius II. Il Papa comandò a un palafreniere: va, e dì a Giuliano da Sang… Pliny's description of Laocoön as "a work to be preferred to all that the arts of painting and sculpture have produced"[57] has led to a tradition which debates this claim that the sculpture is the greatest of all artworks. - Secondo la tradizione più antica doveva essere sacerdote di Apollo, secondo la più recente sacerdote di Nettuno o nominato a far le veci del vero e proprio sacerdote di Nettuno, ucciso dai Troiani dopo l'arrivo dei Greci, che egli non era stato capace d'impedire mediante i suoi sacrifizî. Era un veggente e gran sacerdote di Poseidone e apollo Influenza culturale Storia La scoperta del Laocoonte ebbe un enorme risonanza tra gli artisti e gli scultori ed influenzò [23] It is now very often thought that the three Rhodians were copyists, perhaps of a bronze sculpture from Pergamon, created around 200 BC. A competition was announced for new parts to complete the composition, but there were no entries. [40] The age of the altar used as a seat by Laocoön remains uncertain. Pertenece, por tanto, a la última etapa de la escultura … Such is the case with the Laocoön, for example, in the palace of the Emperor Titus, a work that may be looked upon as preferable to any other production of the art of painting or of [bronze] statuary. Pallade Atena, che parteggiava per i Greci, punì Laocoonte mandando Porcete e Caribea, due enormi serpenti marini, che uscendo dal mare avvinghiarono i suoi due figli, Antifate e Tymbreus stritolandoli. Where. Johann Joachim Winkelmann (1717–1768) wrote about the paradox of admiring beauty while seeing a scene of death and failure. Nell'Eneide si narra che, quando i greci portarono nella città il celebre cavallo di Troia, egli corse verso di esso scagliandogli contro una lancia che ne fece risonare il ventre pieno; proferì quindi la celebre frase Timeo Danaos et dona ferentes («Temo i greci, anche quando portano doni»). Laocoonte (gr. EL LAOCOONTE… El Laocoonte es uno de los conjuntos escultóricos más impresionantes de toda la Historia del Arte universal. The fixing of the snake's head in the side of the principal figure is as false to nature, as it is poor in composition of line. He bequeathed the gardens to Augustus in 8 BC, and Tiberius lived there after he returned to Rome as heir to Augustus in 2 AD. The Vatican is 1.6 miles from B&B Laocoonte, while St. Peter's Basilica is 1.6 miles away. It is very likely the same statue praised in the highest terms by the main Roman writer on art, Pliny the Elder. Die Skulptur der Bildhauer Hagesandros, Polydoros und Athanadoros aus Rhodos ist nur in einer 1,84 Meter hohen Marmorkopie aus der zweiten Hälfte des 1. [66] The extent of the grounds of Nero's Domus Aurea is now unclear, but they do not appear to have extended so far north or east, though the newly rediscovered findspot-location is not very far beyond them. Barkan, 1–4, with English text; Chronology has the Italian, at 1567, the date of the letter. Di suttrattu cumparsi un grecu chjamatu Sinone, u quali cunvinsi u rè ch'è u cavaddu era segnu di paci, ed era in veru un rigalu. Laŭ Eratosteno de Cireno (Eratosthénēs ho Kyrēnâios, Ἐρατοσθένης ὁ Κυρηναῖος, 276-194 a. K.), datiĝas de la 11-a de junio 1184 a. K. la brulego kaj la detruo de Trojo. The fine white marble used is often thought to be Greek, but has not been identified by analysis. [24] However the Sperlonga inscription, which also gives the fathers of the artists, makes it clear that at least Agesander is a different individual from the priest of the same name recorded at Lindos, though very possibly related. [34] The whole question remains the subject of academic debate. [18], In at least one Greek telling of the story the older son is able to escape, and the composition seems to allow for that possibility. The snakes are depicted as both biting and constricting, and are probably intended as venomous, as in Virgil. LAOCOONTE (Λαοκόων, Laocŏon). XXXVI, 37, a cura del Centro studi classicA, "La Rivista di Engramma" n. 50. luglio/settembre 2006, Scheda cronologica dei restauri del Laocoonte, a cura di Marco Gazzola, "La Rivista di Engramma" n. 50, luglio/settembre 2006, Boncompagni Ludovisi Decorative Art Museum, Museo Storico Nazionale dell'Arte Sanitaria, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Laocoön_and_His_Sons&oldid=993590860, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox artwork with the material parameter, Articles containing Italian-language text, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2014, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with Italian-language sources (it), Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, 208 cm × 163 cm × 112 cm (6 ft 10 in × 5 ft 4 in × 3 ft 8 in). Although mostly in excellent condition for an excavated sculpture, the group is missing several parts, and analysis suggests that it was remodelled in ancient times and has undergone a number of restorations since it was excavated. Research published in 2010 has recovered two documents in the municipal archives (badly indexed, and so missed by earlier researchers), which have established a much more precise location for the find: slightly to the east of the southern end of the Sette Sale, the ruined cistern for the successive imperial baths at the base of the hill by the Colosseum. [61] This reflects Blake's theory that the imitation of ancient Greek and Roman art was destructive to the creative imagination, and that Classical sculpture represented a banal naturalism in contrast to Judeo-Christian spiritual art. [19], The style of the work is agreed to be that of the Hellenistic "Pergamene baroque" which arose in Greek Asia Minor around 200 BC, and whose best known undoubtedly original work is the Pergamon Altar, dated c. 180–160 BC, and now in Berlin. The area remained mainly agricultural until the 19th century, but is now entirely built up. B&B Laocoonte được khách của chúng tôi đánh giá là "Tuyệt vời". 24-nov-2017 - L'entusiasmo della scoperta Il 14 gennaio 1506 un eccezionale ritrovamento fece eco su tutta Roma. The original was seized and taken to Paris by Napoleon Bonaparte after his conquest of Italy in 1799, and installed in a place of honour in the Musée Napoléon at the Louvre. Λαοκόων) Mitico sacerdote troiano, figlio di Antenore, addetto al culto di Apollo Timbreo, marito di Antiope con la quale si unì davanti alla statua del dio, attirandosi così la sua collera. A large serpent never wants to bite, it wants to hold, it seizes therefore always where it can hold best, by the extremities, or throat, it seizes once and forever, and that before it coils, following up the seizure with the twist of its body round the victim, as invisibly swift as the twist of a whip lash round any hard object it may strike, and then it holds fast, never moving the jaws or the body, if its prey has any power of struggling left, it throws round another coil, without quitting the hold with the jaws; if Laocoön had had to do with real serpents, instead of pieces of tape with heads to them, he would have been held still, and not allowed to throw his arms or legs about. In 1957 the museum decided that this arm – bent, as Michelangelo had suggested – had originally belonged to this Laocoön, and replaced it. There are many copies of the statue, including a well-known one in the Grand Palace of the Knights of St. John in Rhodes. Es conserva a la National Gallery of Art a Washington D.C.. Anàlisi. Über 100.000 Englische Übersetzungen von Italienische Wörtern und Ausdrücken It is sculptured from a single block, both the main figure as well as the children, and the serpents with their marvellous folds. The pope ordered one of his officers to run and tell Giuliano da Sangallo to go and see them. Boardman, 199 says "about 200 BC"; Spivey, 26, 36, feels it may have been commissioned by Titus. : Il pagano Laocoonte è parte essenziale di questa visione di Chiesa. Era un veggente e gran sacerdote di Poseidone, o, secondo alcune fonti, di Apollo . Laocoonte (in greco antico: Λαοκόων, Laokóōn; in latino: Laocoon ), personaggio della mitologia greca, era un abitante di Troia, figlio di Antenore (o di Capi, secondo altre versioni ). I climbed down to where the statues were when immediately my father said, "That is the Laocoön, which Pliny mentions". After Napoleon's final defeat at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815 most (but certainly not all) the artworks plundered by the French were returned, and the Laocoön reached Rome in January 1816. Cette estampe raille la vénération exagérée pour l’Antique et résume ainsi depuis longtemps, aux yeux des historiens et des théoriciens, l’un des aspects de l’opposition traditionnelle entre Venise et Rome. The older son, on the right, was detached from the other two figures. John Ruskin disliked the sculpture and compared its "disgusting convulsions" unfavourably with work by Michelangelo, whose fresco of The Brazen Serpent, on a corner pendentive of the Sistine Chapel, also involves figures struggling with snakes – the fiery serpents of the Book of Numbers. Il mito di Laocoonte L'arte figurativa: Lessing vs Winckelmann Johann Joachim Winckelmann: Bibliotecario Storico dell'arte Archeologo tedesco ''Egli non leva nessun grido terribile, come del suo Laocoonte canta Virgilio; l'apertura della bocca non lo permette; è piuttosto un By August the group was placed for public viewing in a niche in the wall of the brand new Belvedere Garden at the Vatican, now part of the Vatican Museums, which regard this as the start of their history. Das Haus wurde 1875 ausgegraben. He argues that the artists could not realistically depict the physical suffering of the victims, as this would be too painful. ĵaŭdo, 11 Junio 2020 Thursday, 11 June 2020 Antonio De Salvo. Puso una lanza en el vientre del caballo y sonó de metal, de lo que nadie se dió cuenta. [7], Pliny attributes the work, then in the palace of Emperor Titus, to three Greek sculptors from the island of Rhodes: Agesander, Athenodoros and Polydorus, but does not give a date or patron. The two versions have rather different morals: Laocoön was either punished for doing wrong, or for being right.[8]. Le linee generali della vicenda di L. e dei suoi figli sono ben note attraverso il secondo … [17] Pietro Aretino thought so, praising the group in 1537: ...the two serpents, in attacking the three figures, produce the most striking semblances of fear, suffering and death. Era un veggente e gran sacerdote di Poseidone, o, secondo alcune fonti, di Apollo. Others, however, believed it was more appropriate to show the right arms extended outwards in a heroic gesture. Ci sono modelli di tifoso perfettamente sovrapponibili ai romanisti, ai napoletani o a chissà chi e altri che sono completamente atipici, c'è chi non sopporta le critiche alla squadra e chi sparerebbe a zero su Maradona che col destro è meno forte che col sinistro. [41] Artists and connoisseurs debated how the missing parts should be interpreted. "Chronology": Frischer, Bernard, Digital Sculpture Project: Laocoon. Warden, P. Gregory, "The Domus Aurea Reconsidered", This page was last edited on 11 December 2020, at 11:55. Enciclopedia della mitologia 2ª edizione, Pag. A pesar de las diferentes hipótesis que se han barajado, lo más probable es que fuera realizado en el siglo I d. C. para un mecenas romano, por los artistas Agesandro, Polidoro y Atanadoro, de la Escuela de Rodas. Howard 417–418 and figure 1 has the fullest account used of the complicated situation here; with the damages and after the various restorations he lists 14 parts (417, note 4) when the group was last dismantled. Laocoonte. In style it is considered "one of the finest examples of the Hellenistic baroque" and certainly in the Greek tradition,[8] but it is not known whether it is an original work or a copy of an earlier sculpture, probably in bronze, or made for a Greek or Roman commission. The story of Laocoön, a Trojan priest, came from the Greek Epic Cycle on the Trojan Wars, though it is not mentioned by Homer. Hãy xem qua thư viện ảnh, đọc nhận xét từ khách hàng thực tế và đặt phòng ngay cùng chương trình Đảm bảo giá của chúng tôi. [13], In Virgil, Laocoön was a priest of Poseidon who was killed with both his sons after attempting to expose the ruse of the Trojan Horse by striking it with a spear. Pliny said the Laocoön was in his time at the palace of Titus (qui est in Titi imperatoris domo), then heir to his father Vespasian,[68] but the location of Titus's residence remains unknown; the imperial estate of the Gardens of Maecenas may be a plausible candidate. [33] Altogether eight "signatures" (or labels) of an Athenodoros are found on sculptures or bases for them, five of these from Italy. In 1725–27 Agostino Cornacchini added a section to the younger son's arm, and after 1816 Antonio Canova tidied up the group after their return from Paris, without being convinced by the correctness of the additions but wishing to avoid a controversy.
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